12/8/2023 0 Comments 2019 flu shot side effect![]() Yet, influenza pandemics are one of the world’s greatest public health threats because of their potential to overwhelm public health and healthcare systems, and cause widespread illness, death, and social disruption. Influenza pandemics are uncommon only three have occurred since the 1918 pandemic. The results of a PSAF impact assessment help public health officials and health care professionals make timely and informed decisions, and take appropriate actions. Once a novel influenza A virus is identified and is spreading from person-to-person in a sustained manner, public health officials use the PSAF to help determine the impact of the pandemic. Influenza viruses are too unpredictable.ĬDC scientists also developed to tool to assess the severity of a future pandemic–the Pandemic Severity Assessment Framework (PSAF). The IRAT evaluates animal-origin flu viruses based on their risk of emergence (acquiring the ability to spread easily and efficiently in people) and their potential public health impact. The IRAT assesses the potential pandemic risk posed by influenza A viruses currently circulating in animals (but not in humans). The Influenza Risk Assessment Tool (IRAT) is one example. cases, hospitalizations, and deaths from the pandemic every month and working to implement a domestic vaccination program, increase antiviral drug use, and ensure clear guidance on personal protective equipment.Īs with previous pandemics, the scientific community, including experts at CDC, took away learned lessons that influence how we prepare and monitor for future pandemics. Over those many months, CDC remained at the forefront of the global response-sharing laboratory reagents for diagnostic testing with states and ministries of health using gene sequencing estimating U.S. ![]() Lasting ImpactsĬDC’s response lasted nearly a year. On June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global influenza pandemic. Within weeks, new cases were reported across the United States and the world. The new virus spread quickly through the spring and summer. Redd was then the director of the Influenza Coordination Unit (ICU)-a group tasked with coordinating CDC’s preparation for an influenza pandemic, a role that provided unique and useful insight into pandemic response and interagency collaboration. On April 22, 2009, the CDC activated its Emergency Operations Center with Dr. CDC’s Influenza Division laboratory testing confirmed that these samples also were positive for the virus that would come to be called “ 2009 H1N1.” Within three days, additional specimens from patients with the new virus infection arrived at CDC for testing. ![]() On April 21, CDC published a special report in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) that described the first two cases, and requested that state public health laboratories send to CDC all influenza A positive specimens that could not be subtyped. CDC worked closely with state and local public health officials to investigate reported cases and to detect additional cases of human illness with this virus. Two days after CDC confirmed the first case, laboratory testing confirmed a second infection with the same virus in another patient. ![]() Stephen Redd was wrapping up an influenza (flu) pandemic planning meeting on April 15, 2009, when someone on the phone reported that a new (or novel) influenza A virus had infected a 10-year-old boy in California. ![]()
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